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论文编号:WLX006 字数:8010,页数:15摘 要 牛顿发现万有引力定律是一个复杂、长期的演变过程。本文介绍了万有引力定律发现前相关方面已有的准备和成果，包括托勒密的地心说，哥白尼的日心体系和第谷、开普勒和伽利略的贡献。此外，还简述了万有引力定律的形成过程，指出万有引力定律由平方反比定律和引力与相互作用物体质量乘积成正比两部分组成。 万有引力定律作为一个自然界最基本的定律，无论是在理论研究还是实际工程等各种场合都有着极其广泛的应用。 关键词：万有引力定律 天体运动 牛顿Abstract Newton discovered the law of universal gravitation has complex, the long-term successional variation process. In this paper some preparations and efforts before Newton’s universal gravitation was provided, such as Ptolemaous’ geocentric theory, Copernicus’ heliocentric system and the contributions of Tycho、Kepler and Galileo. Any more, this paper dealswith the formation of the Law of Universal Gravitation. It points out that the force is in inverse proportion to the square of the distance between any two interacting bodies while it’s in direct proportion to the product of the masses of two interacting bodies. Newton’s universal gravitation not only had a broad application scope in theory, but also in practice engineering, based as one of the bottommost low in nature. Key words : The law of universal gravitation；The movement of celestial bodies；Isaac Newton目 录中文摘要 i英文摘要 ii目录 iii第一章 绪论 11.1 托勒密的地心说 11.2 哥白尼的日心体系 11.3 第谷、开普勒和伽利略的贡献 2第二章 牛顿的研究情况 4第三章 万有引力定律的建立过程 63.1 平方反比定律的确定 63.2 与m和M成正比的确定 73.3 万有引力常量的G测定 7第四章 万有引力的应用 84.1 万有引力定律推动天文学的新发现 84.2 人造卫星的发射过程中的典型应用 8第五章 结论 9致谢 10参考文献 11 |
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发表于 16:33