杭州g值的凯特摆法测定

JIMI

论文编号:WLX098  字数:9565,页数:18摘 要 地球表面附近的物体，在仅受重力作用时具有的加速度叫做重力加速度，也叫自由落体加速度。重力加速度g的方向总是竖直向下的。在同一地区的同一高度，任何物体的重力加速度都是相同的。重力加速度的数值随海拔高度增大而减小。同时距离地面同一高度的重力加速度，也会随着纬度的升高而变大。重力加速度的研究已有几百年的历史了，一直以来，没有一种很好，很精确的方法测量它，直到1818年由凯特（Kater)提出一种方法来精确测量它。本论文是根据本学院所拥有的实验条件，组装制作了一个凯特摆来测量杭州g值。实验得出，杭州小和山地区的g值为9.798296，与相关精确结果相比较，相对误差为万分之五，符合实验精度要求，结论准确可用。关键词： 重力加速度 摆运动 混沌 误差理论  Abstract     Objects near the Earth's surface,is called aceleration of gravity when only the acceleration due to gravity,Also called the free fall acceleration.The direction of gravity is always straight down.Acceleration of gravity of any object is the same in the same height and the same area.The value of acceleration of gravity decreases with increasing altitude.Acceleration of gravity of the same height from the ground will be also increasing latitude and bigger.Acceleration of gravity has been studied for hundreds of years of history.we always have a very good and accurate measurement methods.Kater proposed a method to accurately measure acceleration of gravity until 1818.The articles under the college owned by the experimental conditions, designed Kater Pendulum to measure acceleration of gravity from Hangzhou.According to the experiment,the acceleration of gravity in Xiaoheshan Hangzhou is 9.798296.The relative error of  it is five ten thousandths compared with the accurate data.It meets to requirements of accuracy and data available.Keywords: acceleration of gravity; pendulum; chaos; error theory目  录中文摘要 i英文摘要 ii目录 iii第一章     绪论  11.1  研究动机与目的 1.2  研究背景 1.3  本文的主要内容 第二章     摆的共时性原理 3第三章     摆运动的理论分析 53.1   摆运动的特征分析 3.2 摆与混沌现象 第四章     用凯特摆测量杭州g值 8           4.1  实验仪器介绍            4.2  实验原理            4.3  实验步骤及数据分析            4.4  实验误差分析 第五章     结束语 13致谢 14参考文献 15